Covid 19 Pandamic in Ecuador

1 Introduction

COVID-19 is a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first known case was identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease has since spread worldwide, leading to an ongoing pandemic. In this project report we are going to discuss about the covid 19 situation in Ecuador. we can also provide our contribution, by analyzing the data and helping to communicate it.It will be very helpful for the government, other institutions and Ecuadorians to get an action against covid 19.

1.1 Vizualization of the location

Ecuadoris a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about 1,000 kilometres (621 mi) west of the mainland. The capital is Quito.

1.2 Climate condition of Ecuador

In Ecuador both the Costa and the Oriente are warm, with temperatures varying only slightly among the seasons, much wider differences occur between day and night. Average daytime high temperatures range from 84 to 91 °F (29 to 33 °C), while nighttime lows fall to between 68 and 75 °F (20 to 24 °C). As elevation increases, temperatures drop fairly predictably at a rate of about 9 to 11 °F (5 to 6 °C) for every 3,300 feet (1,000 metres). Pleasantly temperate climates occur between elevations of 2,600 and 6,600 feet (800 and 2,000 metres). At higher elevations, frost is a possibility, especially in areas of flat relief and during the cloud-free nights of the dry seasons. Above elevations of 11,800 to 12,500 feet (3,600 to 3,800 metres), agriculture becomes increasingly difficult because of the shrinking growing season and increasing frost hazard. Above 16,400 feet (5,000 metres) the peaks are snowcapped.

1.3 Lockdown status in Ecuador

In Ecuador first case was found on 29th February 2020.after that on 16th March Ecuador government declare “State of Exception” for two month and then extended it till 13th August 2020.Now Ecuador has confirmed positive cases of COVID-19 in all 24 provinces,but there in no curfew.Some provinces maintain local restrictions on movement. U.S. citizens should respect to all local laws and monitor local news for any updates.

1.4 Actions Taken by the Government

The Ministry of Public Health recommends calling 171 if people have COVID-19 symptoms.If they qualify, they could be referred for a free RT-PCR test sample collection.All laboratories licensed to perform PCR and Rapid antigen tests.Upon entry to Ecuador, all travelers must provide negative COVID-19 PCR report that was taken no more than three days, COVID-19 vaccination card and they should completed all series of vaccine at least 14 days before entering to the Ecuador.

2 Data vizualization

2.1 Vizualization of spread of covid 19 in Ecuador

Figure 02 shows variation of the Covid 19 confirmed cases in Ecuador.BY looking the plot we can say the 1st covid 19 case was reported in Ecuador in between March and April of 2020. The highest number of daily confirmed cases were found in 23rd April 2021.

Figure 03 shows The first COVID-19 death case in Ecuador is recorded in end of March of 2020.There is significant increase in deaths in May. Within the period june of 2020 and july of 2021 death cases are in between 0 and 100 but there is a significant spike in some months. The highest no of death cases were found in 29th July 2021.

This figure shows daily covid 19 recovered cases.There is highly spike in recovered cases in August of 2020. The highest number of recover cases were reported in between May and June.In some days we can see,there are no recovered cases were reported.

Figure 05 shows the daily covid 19 active cases in Ecuador.By looking the plot we can say active cases ara increasing over the time.

Table of Total covid 19 cases in Ecuador

Case type	Total cases
Confirmed	485252
Recovered cases	408279
Death cases	18869
active	58104

Table shows the covid 19 total cases up to 4th August 2021 to in Ecuador.

2.2 Comparision of covid 19 in Ecuador with Mexico and Peru

Peru is the country in Western south America.It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia. And Mexico is the country in the southern portion of North America.

Figure 07 shows Covid 19 confirmed cases in Ecuador, Mexico and Peru. WE can see 1st covid 19 cases were reported in all theses three countries at same time.daily confirmed cases of both countries Mexico and Peru are high related to the Ecuador.

Figure 08 shows death cases in Ecuador, Mexico and Peru.Both plots of Mexico and Peru shows approximately same distribution,upward and downward trend and daily death cases in Ecuador doesn’t show any trend.death cases in Ecuador can be considered as vary law related in Mexico and Peru.

Figure 09 shows the Covid 19 recovered cases in Ecuador,Mexico and Peru. By looking the plot we can say variation of daily recovered cases of all the above 3 countries are approximately same.

3 Conclusion and Discussion

3.1 Conclusion

Ecuador 1st covid 19 cases was identified on 29th February of 2020. After the 1st case there were no cases were found until mid of march, after April there were rapid spread among the community in Ecuador.Between the time period of February to June of 2021 can be considered as critical period of spread of covid 19 in Ecuador.although the majority of the confirmed cases were found in that period(we can see it on Figure 02). Covid 19 daily death rate in Ecuador can be considered as approximately equal but little bit days shows significant difference values as shown in Figure 03.we can conclude their foods and climate, geographical conditions affect the death rate. It was take too much time to increase the recovered cases after having the high active case.Therefore we can conclude Ecuadorians recovery period must little bit high. Ecuador could not take necessary actions to control corona virus because we can see a rapid increase of active cases in Figure 05. Covid 19 becomes pandemic in Ecuador,Mexico and Peru in the same age but in Mexico and Peru it was rapidly spread among the community than Ecuador(we can see it on Figure 07) peru was better when handling the outbreak we can see clearly by looking the plot of last five months of Figure 07 and 08. Ecuador is in good condition of death cases when comparing Mexico and Peru. Recoveries of Ecuador,Mexico and Peru shows approximately same variation(we can see it on Figure 09).Health sectors of all these 3 countries have taken same treatment methods and all the Ecuadorians,Peruvians and Mexicans have same immunity levels with reacting to corona virus.

3.2 Discussion

IN this report we have focused distribution of Covid 19 in Ecuador by analyzing the confirmed,death recovered and active cases.Here I used data set that was loaded using the package coronavirus and I filter my country from this data set and analyze.There are missing values (NA) in my data frame so I didn’t substitute zero to NA or substitute mean of above and below value to NA,because missing values were consisted in only the end of the data frame.There were negative cases in my data set,So these negative values were replaced by absolute values. When calculating active cases I was created new variables by cumulative counts to get a better analyzes.There was some issues with data reported method of Ecuador for given data set, It contain some outliers.Then outliers were found by arranging the data set and removed them from the data set.Finaly I used cleared data set for the analysis.

I compared covid 19 situation in Ecuador with Peru and Mexico. I was choosed these countries by looking the economical geographical characteristics.Peru is country that was located near to the Ecuador.The situation of Peru also effected on Ecuador as they are the neighboring countries. I choosed mexico its population is very high related the Ecuador but I want to compare variation of the spread of corona virus among the community and how the both countries handling the outbreak.